Intshayelelo kwiiNkqubo zoMbane weSolar kunye neentlobo zebhetri
Ngokukhula kwemfuno yamandla avuselelekayo, iinkqubo zamandla elanga ziye zaba yinto ekhethwayo kubaninimzi abaninzi kunye namashishini. Ezi nkqubo zibandakanya iipaneli zelanga, ii-inverters, kunye neebhetri: iipaneli zelanga ziguqula ukukhanya kube ngumbane, ii-inverters ziguqula i-direct current (DC) ibe yi-alternating current (AC) ukuze zisetyenziswe, kwaye iibhetri zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni amandla agqithisileyo emini sebenzisa ebusuku okanye ngeentsuku ezinamafu.
Kukho iindidi ezininzi zeebhetri eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga, nganye ineengenelo zayo kunye nokungalunganga. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka iibhetri ze-lead-acid, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, kunye nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo obufana neebhetri zokuhamba kunye neebhetri ze-sodium-sulfur (NaS). Iibhetri ze-lead-acid zezona ntlobo zakuqala kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ezaziwa ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuthembeka. Kwelinye icala, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinika amandla aphezulu aphezulu, ubomi obude, kunye namaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza kodwa ziza neendleko eziphezulu zokuqala.
Uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo lweeNdidi zeBattery kwizicelo zeSolar
Iibhetri zeLead-Acid:
Iibhetri ze-lead-acid zezona zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi uhlobo lwebhetri yemveli kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga, ezixabiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuthembeka okuqinisekisiweyo. Ziza ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili: zikhukulisekile kwaye zitywinwe (ezifana nejeli kunye neAGM). Iibhetri ze-asidi ezikhukulayo zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo, ngelixa iintlobo ezivaliweyo zifuna ukulungiswa okuncinci kwaye zihlala ixesha elide.
Izinto eziluncedo:
- Iindleko zokuqala eziphantsi, iteknoloji eqinisekisiweyo
- Ifanelekile kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo
- Uthembekile
Izinto ezingeloncedo:
- Ukuxinana kwamandla asezantsi kunye nomthamo wokugcina olinganiselweyo
- Ubomi obufutshane (ngokuqhelekileyo 5-10 iminyaka)
- Iimfuno eziphezulu zokugcinwa, ngakumbi kwiintlobo ezikhukhulayo
- Ubunzulu obusezantsi bokukhupha (i-DoD), ayilungele ukusetyenziswa rhoqo
Iibhetri zeLithium-Ion:
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion ziye zanda kakhulu kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga ngenxa yeempawu zabo eziphezulu zokusebenza. Banikezela ngamandla aphezulu ekuxinaniseni, ubomi obude, kunye namaxesha okutshaja akhawulezayo xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri zeasidi. Ukongezelela, banezinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha, oku kuthetha ukuba banokugcina amandla ixesha elide ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu.
Izinto eziluncedo:
- Ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu (amandla amaninzi kwindawo enye)
- Ubomi obude (ngokuqhelekileyo 10-15 iminyaka)
- Izinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha
- Amaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza
- Iimfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi
Izinto ezingeloncedo:
- Iindleko zokuqala eziphezulu
- Ufakelo olunzima ngakumbi kunye nolawulo
- Imingcipheko enokubakho yokhuseleko kunye neentlobo ezithile (umzekelo, i-lithium cobalt oxide)
Ubuchwephesha obusakhulayo:
Iibhetri eziqukuqelayo kunye neebhetri ze-sodium-sulphur (NaS) bubuchwepheshe obuvelayo obubonisa isithembiso sokusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga amakhulu. Iibhetri ezihambayo zinika amandla aphezulu kunye nobomi bomjikelezo omde kodwa okwangoku zibiza kakhulu kunezinye iinketho. Iibhetri ze-sodium-sulfur zinamandla amakhulu kwaye zinokusebenza kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu kodwa zijongene nemingeni kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa kunye nokukhathazeka kokhuseleko.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha ibhetri yeSolar
- IiMfuno zaMandla eNkqubo:
Iimfuno zamandla elanga lakho ziya kugqiba ubungakanani bebhetri kunye nomthamo ofunekayo. Iinkqubo zamandla aphezulu ziya kufuna iibhetri ezinkulu ezinomthamo ophezulu wokugcina. - Umthamo wokuGcina:
Umthamo wokugcina webhetri ubalulekile ekumiseleni ukuba angakanani amandla anokugcinwa kwaye asetyenziswe ngexesha lokukhanya kwelanga. Iinkqubo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zamandla okanye ezibekwe kwindawo ezinokukhanya kwelanga okuncinane kufuneka zikhethe ugcino olukhulu. - Indawo yokusebenza:
Qwalasela indawo yokusebenza kwebhetri. Iibhetri kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo okanye iimeko ezinzima zinokufuna ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo okanye unyango olukhethekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobomi. - Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali:
Ngelixa iindleko zokuqala zebhetri ziyinto ebalulekileyo, akufanele kube yiyona ingqwalasela kuphela. Iindleko zexesha elide, kubandakanywa ukugcinwa, ukutshintshwa, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla okunokubakho, kufuneka kufakwe kwisigqibo. - IiMfuno zoLondolozo:
Ezinye iintlobo zebhetri, ezifana neebhetri ze-lead-acid, zifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle, ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci. Xa ukhetha ukhetho olufanelekileyo, qwalasela iimfuno zokugcinwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhetri.
Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neeModeli zeebhetri zeSolar
Iimveliso ezininzi ezikhokelayo zibonelela ngomgangatho ophezulu weebhetri zelanga ezineempawu eziphambili kunye neenkcukacha. Ezi mpawu ziquka iTesla, i-LG Chem, i-Panasonic, i-AES Energy Storage, kunye ne-Sorotec.
Tesla Powerwall:
I-Tesla Powerwall lukhetho oludumileyo lweenkqubo zamandla elanga zokuhlala. Inika amandla amaninzi aphezulu, ubomi obude, kunye namaxesha okutshaja ngokukhawuleza. I-Powerwall 2.0 inomthamo we-13.5 kWh kwaye isebenza ngaphandle komthungo kunye neepaneli zelanga ukubonelela ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye ne-backup.
I-LG Chem:
I-LG Chem inikeza uluhlu lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezenzelwe usetyenziso lwelanga. Uchungechunge lwabo lwe-RESU (Iyunithi yokuGcina amandla okuHlala) yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yokuhlala, inika amandla aphezulu kunye nobomi bomjikelezo omde. Imodeli ye-RESU 10H inomthamo we-9.3 kWh, ilungele iinkqubo ezineemfuno zamandla aphakathi.
I-Panasonic:
I-Panasonic inikezela ngebhetri ye-lithium-ion ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye neempawu eziphambili ezinje ngoxinaniso lwamandla aphezulu, ubomi obude, kunye namazinga aphantsi okuzikhupha. I-HHR yabo (i-High Heat Resistance) uchungechunge lwenzelwe iimeko ezingqongileyo ezigqithiseleyo, ukuhambisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwiimeko eziphezulu zobushushu.
UGcino lwaMandla we-AES:
I-AES Energy Storage ibonelela ngezisombululo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla kwizicelo zorhwebo nezoshishino. Iinkqubo zabo zebhetri ze-Advancell zibonelela ngamandla aphezulu ombane, ubomi bomjikelo omde, kunye namaxesha okutshaja okukhawulezayo, okubenza ukuba balungele ukufakela umbane omkhulu welanga odinga umthamo ophezulu wokugcina amandla.
I-Sorotec:
Iibhetri zeSorotec zelanga ziyaziwa ngeendleko eziphezulu, ezenzelwe indawo yokuhlala kunye nabasebenzisi abancinci bezorhwebo abafuna izisombululo ezisebenzayo kunye nezoqoqosho. Iibhetri zeSorotec zidibanisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kunye namaxabiso akhuphisanayo, anikezela ubomi obude, ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, kunye nemveliso ezinzileyo. Ezi bhetri zikhethwa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zelanga eziphakathi, kunye neendleko zokugcinwa okuphantsi, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi abanezithintelo zebhajethi abasafuna ukugcinwa kwamandla okuthembekileyo.
Isiphelo kunye neeNgcebiso
Xa ukhetha ibhetri efanelekileyo kwinkqubo yakho yamandla elanga, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezifana neemfuno zamandla enkqubo, umthamo wokugcina, indawo yokusebenza, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa. Ngelixa iibhetri ze-lead-acid zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokufikeleleka kwazo kunye nokuthembeka, zinoxinano lwamandla aphantsi kunye nobomi obufutshane xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nobomi obude kodwa ziza notyalo-mali oluphezulu.
Kwiinkqubo zokuhlala zelanga,Tesla PowerwallkwayeLG Chem RESU serieslukhetho olugqwesileyo ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla abo, ubomi obude, kunye namaxesha okutshaja okukhawulezayo. Kwizicelo ezinkulu zorhwebo nezoshishino,Ugcino lwamandla e-AESibonelela ngezisombululo zokugcina amandla ngobuchule obukhethekileyo bamandla kunye nokuqina.
Ukuba ujonge isisombululo sebhetri esinexabiso eliphantsi,Sorotecinikeza iibhetri eziphezulu zokusebenza kumaxabiso akhuphisanayo, alungele kwiinkqubo ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi, ngakumbi kubasebenzisi kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Iibhetri ze-Sorotec zihambisa ukugcinwa kwamandla okuthembekileyo ngelixa ugcina iindleko zokugcinwa ziphantsi, okwenza ukuba zifaneleke kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nezicelo ezincinci zorhwebo.
Ekugqibeleni, eyona bhetri ilungileyo yenkqubo yakho yamandla elanga ixhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho ezithile kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ngokuqonda iingenelo kunye neengozi zohlobo ngalunye lwebhetri, kunye nokuqwalasela iimfuno zamandla enkqubo yakho kunye nokusingqongileyo kokusetyenziswa, unokwenza isigqibo esinolwazi kwaye ukhethe esona sisombululo sifanelekileyo sokugcina amandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-28-2024
