Ngaphambi kokunyuka kweshishini le-photovoltaic, i-inverter okanye iteknoloji ye-inverter yayisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nokuhamba ngomzila kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla. Emva kokunyuka kwemboni ye-photovoltaic, i-photovoltaic inverter ibe yinto ephambili kwisixhobo sokuvelisa amandla ombane, kwaye iyaziwa kuwo wonke umntu. Ngokukodwa kumazwe athuthukileyo eYurophu nase-United States, ngenxa yengcamango eyaziwayo yokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, imarike ye-photovoltaic yaphuhliswa ngaphambili, ngakumbi ukuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kweenkqubo ze-photovoltaic zekhaya. Kwamazwe amaninzi, ii-inverters zendlu zisetyenziswe njengezixhobo zendlu, kwaye izinga lokungena liphezulu.
I-inverter ye-photovoltaic iguqula i-current ngqo eyenziwa yimodyuli ye-photovoltaic kwi-alternating current kwaye iphinde iyondle kwigridi. Ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwe-inverter kumisela umgangatho wamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla ombane. Ngoko ke, i-photovoltaic inverter ingundoqo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic. ubume.
Phakathi kwabo, ii-inverters eziqhagamshelwe kwigridi zithatha isabelo esikhulu semarike kuzo zonke iindidi, kwaye sisiqalo sophuhliso lwazo zonke itekhnoloji ye-inverter. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo ze-inverters, i-inverters edibeneyo yegridi ilula kakhulu kwi-teknoloji, igxininise kwi-photovoltaic input kunye ne-grid output. Amandla akhuselekileyo, athembekileyo, asebenzayo, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wemveliso iye yaba yinto ekugxilwe kuyo kwii-inverters ezinjalo. izalathisi zobugcisa. Kwiimeko zobuchwepheshe ze-grid-ezixhunyiwe kwi-photovoltaic inverters ezenziwe kumazwe ahlukeneyo, amanqaku angentla apha abe ngamanqaku okulinganisa aqhelekileyo omgangatho, ngokuqinisekileyo, iinkcukacha zeeparitha zihluke. Kwi-inverters edibeneyo yegridi, zonke iimfuno zobugcisa zijoliswe ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zegridi kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa ezisasazwayo, kwaye iimfuno ezingaphezulu zivela kwiimfuno zegridi ye-inverters, oko kukuthi, iimfuno eziphezulu-phantsi. Okufana nombane, ukucaciswa kwamaza, iimfuno zomgangatho wamandla, ukhuseleko, iimfuno zolawulo xa kukho impazamo. Kwaye indlela yokudibanisa kwigridi, yiyiphi igridi yamandla ombane onokuthi ifakwe, njl., ngoko ke i-inverter edibeneyo yegridi isoloko idinga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zegridi, ayiveli kwiimfuno zangaphakathi zenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla. Kwaye ukusuka kumbono wezobugcisa, ingongoma ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba i-inverter edibeneyo yegridi "i-grid-connected power generation", oko kukuthi, ivelisa amandla xa idibana neemeko ezixhunyiwe kwigridi. kwimiba yolawulo lwamandla ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-photovoltaic, ngoko ilula. Ngokulula njengemodeli yeshishini lombane elivelisayo. Ngokwezibalo zangaphandle, ngaphezu kwe-90% yeenkqubo ze-photovoltaic eziye zakhiwa kwaye zasebenza ziyi-photovoltaic grid-connected systems, kunye ne-inverters edibeneyo yegridi isetyenziswa.
Iklasi ye-inverters echasene ne-grid-connected inverters i-off-grid inverters. I-inverter ye-off-grid ithetha ukuba imveliso ye-inverter ayixhunyiwe kwigridi, kodwa ixhunyiwe kumthwalo, oqhuba ngokuthe ngqo umthwalo wokubonelela amandla. Kukho izicelo ezimbalwa ze-inverters ze-off-grid, ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezikude, apho iimeko ezidityanisiweyo zegridi azifumaneki, iimeko ezidityanisiweyo zegridi zihluphekile, okanye kukho imfuneko yokuzalisa i-self-generation kunye nokuzisebenzisa, ukucinywa. -inkqubo yegridi igxininisa "ukuzivelisa kunye nokuzisebenzisa". ". Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa okumbalwa kwee-inverters ze-off-grid, kukho uphando oluncinci kunye nophuhliso kwithekhnoloji. Kukho imigangatho embalwa yamazwe ngamazwe yeemeko zobuchwepheshe ze-off-grid inverters, ezikhokelela kuphando oluncinci kunye nophuhliso lwezo ziguquli, ebonisa umkhwa wokuncipha Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi ye-inverters ye-off-grid kunye neteknoloji echaphazelekayo ayilula, ngokukodwa ngokubambisana neebhetri zokugcina amandla, ukulawulwa kunye nokulawulwa kwenkqubo yonke kuyinkimbinkimbi kunokuba i-grid-connected inverters Kufuneka kuthethwa ukuba inkqubo equkethe i-inverters ye-off-grid, iipaneli ze-photovoltaic, iibhetri, imithwalo kunye nezinye izixhobo sele ziyinkqubo ye-micro-grid elula.
Inyaniso,ii-inverters ze-off-gridzisisiseko sophuhliso lwe-bidirectional inverters. Ii-inverters ze-Bidirectional ngokwenene zidibanisa iimpawu zobugcisa ze-grid-connected inverters kunye ne-off-grid inverters, kwaye zisetyenziswa kuthungelwano lombane wendawo okanye iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla. Xa isetyenziswe ngokunxuseneyo negridi yamandla. Nangona kungekho zicelo zininzi zolu hlobo okwangoku, ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo lwenkqubo luyiprototype yophuhliso lwe-microgrid, ihambelana nesiseko kunye nemo yokusebenza yorhwebo yokusasazwa kombane kwixa elizayo. kunye nosetyenziso lwexesha elizayo lwe-microgrid. Enyanisweni, kwamanye amazwe kunye neemarike apho i-photovoltaics ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhulile, ukusetyenziswa kwe-microgrids kumakhaya kunye neendawo ezincinci ziye zaqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Kwangaxeshanye, urhulumente wasekhaya ukhuthaza uphuhliso lokuvelisa umbane wendawo, ugcino kunye nothungelwano losetyenziso kunye nemizi njengeeyunithi, enika ingqwalaselo ephambili kwimveliso yamandla amatsha ukuze azisebenzisele yona, kunye nenxalenye engonelanga evela kwiziko lombane. Ngoko ke, i-inverter ye-bidirectional idinga ukuqwalasela imisebenzi yokulawula ngakumbi kunye nemisebenzi yokulawula amandla, njengentlawulo yebhetri kunye nokulawula ukukhutshwa, izicwangciso zokusebenza ezixhunyiwe kwigridi / ngaphandle kwegridi, kunye nezicwangciso ezithembekileyo zokubonelela umbane. Kuzo zonke, i-inverter ye-bidirectional iya kudlala imisebenzi ebaluleke ngakumbi yokulawula kunye nokulawula ukusuka kumbono wenkqubo yonke, endaweni yokuqwalasela kuphela iimfuno zegridi okanye umthwalo.
Njengenye yezalathiso zophuhliso lothungelwano lwamandla ombane, ukuveliswa kwamandla engingqi, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane uthungelwano olwakhiwe ngokuveliswa kwamandla ombane njengoko undoqo uya kuba yenye yeendlela eziphambili zophuhliso lwegridi encinci kwixa elizayo. Kule modi, i-microgrid yendawo iya kwenza ubudlelwane obusebenzisanayo kunye negridi enkulu, kwaye i-microgrid ayiyi kuphinda isebenze ngokusondeleyo kwigridi enkulu, kodwa iya kusebenza ngokuzimeleyo, oko kukuthi, kwimodi yesiqithi. Ukuze uhlangabezane nokhuseleko lommandla kwaye unike kuqala ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuthembekileyo, imodi yokusebenza edibeneyo yegridi yenziwa kuphela xa amandla asekuhlaleni amaninzi okanye kufuneka atsalwe kwigridi yamandla angaphandle. Okwangoku, ngenxa yeemeko ezingaqhelekanga zobuchwepheshe kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukeneyo, i-microgrids ayizange isetyenziswe kwinqanaba elikhulu, kwaye kuphela inani elincinci leeprojekthi zokubonisa ezisebenzayo, kwaye ezininzi zezi projekthi zixhunyiwe kwigridi. I-inverter ye-microgrid idibanisa iimpawu zobugcisa ze-inverter ye-bidirectional kwaye idlala umsebenzi obalulekileyo wolawulo lwegridi. Luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lolawulo oludibeneyo kunye nomatshini odibeneyo we-inverter odibanisa i-inverter, ukulawula kunye nokulawula. Ithatha ulawulo lwamandla engingqi, ulawulo lomthwalo, ulawulo lwebhetri, inverter, ukhuseleko kunye neminye imisebenzi. Iya kugqiba umsebenzi wolawulo we-microgrid yonke kunye ne-microgrid energy management system (MGEMS), kwaye iya kuba sisixhobo esisisiseko sokwakha inkqubo ye-microgrid. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-inverter yokuqala edibeneyo yegridi ekuphuhliseni iteknoloji ye-inverter, iye yahlukana nomsebenzi ococekileyo we-inverter kwaye ithwala umsebenzi wolawulo lwe-microgrid kunye nokulawula, ukubeka ingqalelo kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ezithile kwinqanaba lenkqubo. I-inverter yokugcina amandla inikezela ukuguqulwa kwe-bidirectional, ukuguqulwa kwangoku, kunye nokutshaja kwebhetri kunye nokukhupha. Inkqubo yokulawula i-microgrid ilawula yonke i-microgrid. Abafowunelwa A, B, kunye no-C bonke balawulwa yinkqubo yokulawula i-microgrid kwaye banokusebenza kwiziqithi ezizimeleyo. Yinqumle imithwalo engabalulekanga ngokuhambelana nombane ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ugcine ukuzinza kwe-microgrid kunye nokusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwemithwalo ebalulekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-10-2022
